notasenator:

au-nat-urelle:

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” ‘I don’t believe in an America where the separation of church and state is absolute,’ Santorum said … on ABC’s This Week. ‘The idea that the church should have no influence or no involvement in the operation of the state is absolutely antithetical of the objectives and vision of our country.’ “

(source)

So, we’ve heard this before, right? I mean, this is a very common refrain among conservatives - that America is, at its core and from the moment of its foundation, a religious nation founded on religious principles. Is there any truth to it?

Any American who has read their constitution lately is probably familiar with the first few clauses of the bill of rights - the so-called “religion clauses”. Let’s take a look at them.

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.

In 18th-Century parlance, an “establishment” of religion meant more or less what you would expect, and the establishment clause - that first sentence up there - was written both as a reaction to the overwhelming Enlightenment fervor that many of the founders espoused, and also to the at the time incestuous relationship between the English monarchy and the Anglican Church. Here’s James Madison in 1833, in a correspondence to Daniel Dreisbach (emphasis mine):

Until Holland ventured on the experiment of combining a liberal toleration, with the establishment of a particular creed, it was taken for granted that an exclusive and intolerant establishment was essential, and notwithstanding the light thrown on the subject by the experiment, the prevailing opinion in Europe, England not excepted, has been that Religion could not be preserved without the support of Government, nor Government be supported witht. an established Religion, that there must be at least an alliance of some sort between them. It remained for North America to bring the great & interesting subject to a fair, & finally, to a decisive test.

In other words, America was a test subject for the idea that government and religion would remain separate in their spheres of influence - that there would not, unlike in many of the European states at the time, be an established state religion.

You see, the whole question of religion at the time had to do with a phrase known as “liberty of conscience”. Let’s take a look first at the words of another founder, John Adams:

And no subject shall be hurt, molested, or restrained, in his person, liberty, or estate, for worshipping GOD in the manner most agreeable to the dictates of his own conscience; or for his religious profession or sentiments; provided he doth not disturb the public peace, or obstruct others in their religious worship.

And James Madison again:

The Religion then of every man must be left to the conviction and conscience of every man; and it is the right of every man to exercise it as these may dictate.

“Liberty of conscience” had much to do with the idea both that everyone should be free to worship in the manner of their choosing, and cannot be persecuted for their religious choices. And this was huge at the time. 95% of the original drafts of the religion clauses of the First Amendment included the phrase somewhere, and the religion clauses codify the concept of liberty of conscience in a manner that the government can act upon. First, no establishment of religion. Second, no interfering with the rights of the citizens to practice religion.

The phrase “separation of church and state” doesn’t crop up until some 30 years later, in a letter from Thomas Jefferson (you may have heard of him) to the Danbury Baptist Association in 1803.

… I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should ‘make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,’ thus building a wall of separation between Church & State.

He’s talking about the First Amendment here. The First Amendment firmly disestablished religion in America. But hey, let’s not just rely on TJ here. Thomas Paine also had some words to say about it (again, emphasis mine):

All religions are in their nature mild and benign, and united with the principles of morality. They could not have made proselytes at first, by professing anything that was vicious, cruel, persecuting, or immoral… Persecution is not an original feature in any religion; but it is always the strongly marked feature of all law-religions, or religions established by law. Take away the law-establishment, and every religion reassumes its original benignity.

And James Madison:

[Establishment of religion] implies either that the Civil Magistrate is a competent judge of religious truth; or that he may employ religion as an engine of civil policy. The first is an arrogant pretension falsified by the contradictory opinions of rules in all ages, and throughout the world, the second an unhallowed perversion of the means of salvation.

So, in closing: Rick Santorum has no idea what he’s talking about. Even a cursory glance at the writings of the founding fathers reveals that although they supported the idea of religion in the abstract, they were vehemently opposed to the notion that church and state should intermingle. The United States was never meant to be a Christian nation - what it is is a nation where people from all sects could worship without fear of persecution.

And anyone who says different is lying.

If you want an even simpler test for this, just consider the following:

If the Constitution, the document laying out the foundation for this country, is built on Judeo-Christian principle, then why is there not a single mention of a Judeo-Christian principle in the Constitution? I mean, it should be Article 1, right?

This is the official transcript of the original Constitution:

http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_transcript.html

I mean, if they wanted this to be a Christian nation, they would have at least mentioned God at some point, right? They didn’t even have to include all of the Ten Commandments or the Golden Rule, just the part about “You shall no other Gods before me”, right?

That would have been enough. But it’s not there. Somehow, even though the founders were so dedicated to basing the nation and the Constitution on those Christian values, they managed to completely forget to put any of them in the founding document.

 Reblogging this again, with added commentary.

My Socrates discussed this with me and presented the Treaty of Tripoli as further evidence that the US was created to be non-governed by Christian influences.

“  As the Government of the United States of America is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion,—as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquility, of Mussulmen,—and as the said States never entered into any war or act of hostility against any Mahometan nation, it is declared by the parties that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries.”

“The Treaty of Tripoli (Treaty of Peace and Friendship between the United States of America and the Bey and Subjects of Tripoli of Barbary) was the first treaty concluded between the United States of America and Tripolitania, signed at Tripoli on November 4, 1796 and at Algiers (for a third-party witness) on January 3, 1797. It was submitted to the Senate by President John Adams, receiving ratification unanimously from the U.S. Senate on June 7, 1797 and signed by Adams, taking effect as the law of the land on June 10, 1797.”

Source: [X]